/src/typo3_src-4.2.0alpha1/typo3/sysext/adodb/adodb/drivers/adodb-oci8.inc.php

<?php
/*

  version V4.94 23 Jan 2007 (c) 2000-2007 John Lim. All rights reserved.

  Released under both BSD license and Lesser GPL library license. 
  Whenever there is any discrepancy between the two licenses, 
  the BSD license will take precedence.

  Latest version is available at http://adodb.sourceforge.net
  
  Code contributed by George Fourlanos <fou@infomap.gr>
  
  13 Nov 2000 jlim - removed all ora_* references.
*/

// security - hide paths
if (!defined('ADODB_DIR')) die();

/*
NLS_Date_Format
Allows you to use a date format other than the Oracle Lite default. When a literal
character string appears where a date value is expected, the Oracle Lite database
tests the string to see if it matches the formats of Oracle, SQL-92, or the value
specified for this parameter in the POLITE.INI file. Setting this parameter also
defines the default format used in the TO_CHAR or TO_DATE functions when no
other format string is supplied.

For Oracle the default is dd-mon-yy or dd-mon-yyyy, and for SQL-92 the default is
yy-mm-dd or yyyy-mm-dd.

Using 'RR' in the format forces two-digit years less than or equal to 49 to be
interpreted as years in the 21st century (2000–2049), and years over 50 as years in
the 20th century (1950–1999). Setting the RR format as the default for all two-digit
year entries allows you to become year-2000 compliant. For example:
NLS_DATE_FORMAT='RR-MM-DD'

You can also modify the date format using the ALTER SESSION command. 
*/

# define the LOB descriptor type for the given type
# returns false if no LOB descriptor
function oci_lob_desc($type) {
        switch ($type) {
                case OCI_B_BFILE: $result = OCI_D_FILE; break;
                case OCI_B_CFILEE: $result = OCI_D_FILE; break;
                case OCI_B_CLOB: $result = OCI_D_LOB; break;
                case OCI_B_BLOB: $result = OCI_D_LOB; break;
                case OCI_B_ROWID: $result = OCI_D_ROWID; break;
                default: $result = false; break;
        }
        return $result;
}

class ADODB_oci8 extends ADOConnection {
        var $databaseType = 'oci8';
        var $dataProvider = 'oci8';
        var $replaceQuote = "''"; // string to use to replace quotes
        var $concat_operator='||';
        var $sysDate = "TRUNC(SYSDATE)";
        var $sysTimeStamp = 'SYSDATE';
        var $metaDatabasesSQL = "SELECT USERNAME FROM ALL_USERS WHERE USERNAME NOT IN ('SYS','SYSTEM','DBSNMP','OUTLN') ORDER BY 1";
        var $_stmt;
        var $_commit = OCI_COMMIT_ON_SUCCESS;
        var $_initdate = true; // init date to YYYY-MM-DD
        var $metaTablesSQL = "select table_name,table_type from cat where table_type in ('TABLE','VIEW') and table_name not like 'BIN\$%'"; // bin$ tables are recycle bin tables
        var $metaColumnsSQL = "select cname,coltype,width, SCALE, PRECISION, NULLS, DEFAULTVAL from col where tname='%s' order by colno"; //changed by smondino@users.sourceforge. net
        var $_bindInputArray = true;
        var $hasGenID = true;
        var $_genIDSQL = "SELECT (%s.nextval) FROM DUAL";
        var $_genSeqSQL = "CREATE SEQUENCE %s START WITH %s";
        var $_dropSeqSQL = "DROP SEQUENCE %s";
        var $hasAffectedRows = true;
        var $random = "abs(mod(DBMS_RANDOM.RANDOM,10000001)/10000000)";
        var $noNullStrings = false;
        var $connectSID = false;
        var $_bind = false;
        var $_nestedSQL = true;
        var $_hasOCIFetchStatement = false;
        var $_getarray = false; // currently not working
        var $leftOuter = '';  // oracle wierdness, $col = $value (+) for LEFT OUTER, $col (+)= $value for RIGHT OUTER
        var $session_sharing_force_blob = false; // alter session on updateblob if set to true 
        var $firstrows = true; // enable first rows optimization on SelectLimit()
        var $selectOffsetAlg1 = 100; // when to use 1st algorithm of selectlimit.
        var $NLS_DATE_FORMAT = 'YYYY-MM-DD';  // To include time, use 'RRRR-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'
        var $useDBDateFormatForTextInput=false;
        var $datetime = false; // MetaType('DATE') returns 'D' (datetime==false) or 'T' (datetime == true)
        var $_refLOBs = array();
        
        // var $ansiOuter = true; // if oracle9
    
        function ADODB_oci8() 
        {
                $this->_hasOCIFetchStatement = ADODB_PHPVER >= 0x4200;
                if (defined('ADODB_EXTENSION')) $this->rsPrefix .= 'ext_';
        }
        
        /*  Function &MetaColumns($table) added by smondino@users.sourceforge.net*/
        function &MetaColumns($table) 
        {
        global $ADODB_FETCH_MODE;
        
                $false = false;
                $save = $ADODB_FETCH_MODE;
                $ADODB_FETCH_MODE = ADODB_FETCH_NUM;
                if ($this->fetchMode !== false) $savem = $this->SetFetchMode(false);
                
                $rs = $this->Execute(sprintf($this->metaColumnsSQL,$table));
                
                if (isset($savem)) $this->SetFetchMode($savem);
                $ADODB_FETCH_MODE = $save;
                if (!$rs) {
                        return $false;
                }
                $retarr = array();
                while (!$rs->EOF) { //print_r($rs->fields);
                        $fld = new ADOFieldObject();
                        $fld->name = $rs->fields[0];
                        $fld->type = $rs->fields[1];
                        $fld->max_length = $rs->fields[2];
                        $fld->scale = $rs->fields[3];
                        if ($rs->fields[1] == 'NUMBER') {
                                if ($rs->fields[3] == 0) $fld->type = 'INT';
                        $fld->max_length = $rs->fields[4];
                }       
                        $fld->not_null = (strncmp($rs->fields[5], 'NOT',3) === 0);
                        $fld->binary = (strpos($fld->type,'BLOB') !== false);
                        $fld->default_value = $rs->fields[6];
                        
                        if ($ADODB_FETCH_MODE == ADODB_FETCH_NUM) $retarr[] = $fld;     
                        else $retarr[strtoupper($fld->name)] = $fld;
                        $rs->MoveNext();
                }
                $rs->Close();
                if (empty($retarr))
                        return  $false;
                else 
                        return $retarr;
        }
        
        function Time()
        {
                $rs =& $this->Execute("select TO_CHAR($this->sysTimeStamp,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') from dual");
                if ($rs && !$rs->EOF) return $this->UnixTimeStamp(reset($rs->fields));
                
                return false;
        }
 
/*

  Multiple modes of connection are supported:
  
  a. Local Database
    $conn->Connect(false,'scott','tiger');
  
  b. From tnsnames.ora
    $conn->Connect(false,'scott','tiger',$tnsname); 
    $conn->Connect($tnsname,'scott','tiger'); 
  
  c. Server + service name
    $conn->Connect($serveraddress,'scott,'tiger',$service_name);
  
  d. Server + SID
        $conn->connectSID = true;
        $conn->Connect($serveraddress,'scott,'tiger',$SID);


Example TNSName:
---------------
NATSOFT.DOMAIN =
  (DESCRIPTION =
        (ADDRESS_LIST =
          (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = kermit)(PORT = 1523))
        )
        (CONNECT_DATA =
          (SERVICE_NAME = natsoft.domain)
        )
  )
  
  There are 3 connection modes, 0 = non-persistent, 1 = persistent, 2 = force new connection
        
*/
        function _connect($argHostname, $argUsername, $argPassword, $argDatabasename,$mode=0)
        {
                if (!function_exists('OCIPLogon')) return null;
                
                
        $this->_errorMsg = false;
                $this->_errorCode = false;
                
                if($argHostname) { // added by Jorma Tuomainen <jorma.tuomainen@ppoy.fi>
                        if (empty($argDatabasename)) $argDatabasename = $argHostname;
                        else {
                                if(strpos($argHostname,":")) {
                                        $argHostinfo=explode(":",$argHostname);
                                        $argHostname=$argHostinfo[0];
                                        $argHostport=$argHostinfo[1];
                                } else {
                                        $argHostport = empty($this->port)?  "1521" : $this->port;
                                }
                                
                                if ($this->connectSID) {
                                        $argDatabasename="(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=".$argHostname
                                        .")(PORT=$argHostport))(CONNECT_DATA=(SID=$argDatabasename)))";
                                } else
                                        $argDatabasename="(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=".$argHostname
                                        .")(PORT=$argHostport))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=$argDatabasename)))";
                        }
                }
                                
                //if ($argHostname) print "<p>Connect: 1st argument should be left blank for $this->databaseType</p>";
                if ($mode==1) {
                        $this->_connectionID = ($this->charSet) ? 
                                OCIPLogon($argUsername,$argPassword, $argDatabasename,$this->charSet)
                                :
                                OCIPLogon($argUsername,$argPassword, $argDatabasename)
                                ;
                        if ($this->_connectionID && $this->autoRollback)  OCIrollback($this->_connectionID);
                } else if ($mode==2) {
                        $this->_connectionID = ($this->charSet) ? 
                                OCINLogon($argUsername,$argPassword, $argDatabasename,$this->charSet)
                                :
                                OCINLogon($argUsername,$argPassword, $argDatabasename);
                                
                } else {
                        $this->_connectionID = ($this->charSet) ? 
                                OCILogon($argUsername,$argPassword, $argDatabasename,$this->charSet)
                                :
                                OCILogon($argUsername,$argPassword, $argDatabasename);
                }
                if (!$this->_connectionID) return false;
                if ($this->_initdate) {
                        $this->Execute("ALTER SESSION SET NLS_DATE_FORMAT='".$this->NLS_DATE_FORMAT."'");
                }
                
                // looks like: 
                // Oracle8i Enterprise Edition Release 8.1.7.0.0 - Production With the Partitioning option JServer Release 8.1.7.0.0 - Production
                // $vers = OCIServerVersion($this->_connectionID);
                // if (strpos($vers,'8i') !== false) $this->ansiOuter = true;
                return true;
        }
        
        function ServerInfo()
        {
                $arr['compat'] = $this->GetOne('select value from sys.database_compatible_level');
                $arr['description'] = @OCIServerVersion($this->_connectionID);
                $arr['version'] = ADOConnection::_findvers($arr['description']);
                return $arr;
        }
                // returns true or false
        function _pconnect($argHostname, $argUsername, $argPassword, $argDatabasename)
        {
                return $this->_connect($argHostname, $argUsername, $argPassword, $argDatabasename,1);
        }
        
        // returns true or false
        function _nconnect($argHostname, $argUsername, $argPassword, $argDatabasename)
        {
                return $this->_connect($argHostname, $argUsername, $argPassword, $argDatabasename,2);
        }
        
        function _affectedrows()
        {
                if (is_resource($this->_stmt)) return @OCIRowCount($this->_stmt);
                return 0;
        }
        
        function IfNull( $field, $ifNull ) 
        {
                return " NVL($field, $ifNull) "; // if Oracle
        }
        
        // format and return date string in database date format
        function DBDate($d)
        {
                if (empty($d) && $d !== 0) return 'null';
                
                if (is_string($d)) $d = ADORecordSet::UnixDate($d);
                return "TO_DATE(".adodb_date($this->fmtDate,$d).",'".$this->NLS_DATE_FORMAT."')";
        }

        function BindDate($d)
        {
                $d = ADOConnection::DBDate($d);
                if (strncmp($d,"'",1)) return $d;
                
                return substr($d,1,strlen($d)-2);
        }
        
        function BindTimeStamp($d)
        {
                $d = ADOConnection::DBTimeStamp($d);
                if (strncmp($d,"'",1)) return $d;
                
                return substr($d,1,strlen($d)-2);
        }
        
        // format and return date string in database timestamp format
        function DBTimeStamp($ts)
        {
                if (empty($ts) && $ts !== 0) return 'null';
                if (is_string($ts)) $ts = ADORecordSet::UnixTimeStamp($ts);
                return 'TO_DATE('.adodb_date($this->fmtTimeStamp,$ts).",'RRRR-MM-DD, HH:MI:SS AM')";
        }
        
        function RowLock($tables,$where,$flds='1 as ignore') 
        {
                if ($this->autoCommit) $this->BeginTrans();
                return $this->GetOne("select $flds from $tables where $where for update");
        }
        
        function &MetaTables($ttype=false,$showSchema=false,$mask=false) 
        {
                if ($mask) {
                        $save = $this->metaTablesSQL;
                        $mask = $this->qstr(strtoupper($mask));
                        $this->metaTablesSQL .= " AND upper(table_name) like $mask";
                }
                $ret =& ADOConnection::MetaTables($ttype,$showSchema);
                
                if ($mask) {
                        $this->metaTablesSQL = $save;
                }
                return $ret;
        }
        
        // Mark Newnham 
        function &MetaIndexes ($table, $primary = FALSE, $owner=false)
        {
        // save old fetch mode
        global $ADODB_FETCH_MODE;

        $save = $ADODB_FETCH_MODE;
        $ADODB_FETCH_MODE = ADODB_FETCH_NUM;

        if ($this->fetchMode !== FALSE) {
               $savem = $this->SetFetchMode(FALSE);
        }

                // get index details
                $table = strtoupper($table);

                // get Primary index
                $primary_key = '';

                $false = false;
                $rs = $this->Execute(sprintf("SELECT * FROM ALL_CONSTRAINTS WHERE UPPER(TABLE_NAME)='%s' AND CONSTRAINT_TYPE='P'",$table));
                if ($row = $rs->FetchRow())
                   $primary_key = $row[1]; //constraint_name

                if ($primary==TRUE && $primary_key=='') {
                         if (isset($savem)) 
                $this->SetFetchMode($savem);
                        $ADODB_FETCH_MODE = $save;
                        return $false; //There is no primary key
                }

        $rs = $this->Execute(sprintf("SELECT ALL_INDEXES.INDEX_NAME, ALL_INDEXES.UNIQUENESS, ALL_IND_COLUMNS.COLUMN_POSITION, ALL_IND_COLUMNS.COLUMN_NAME FROM ALL_INDEXES,ALL_IND_COLUMNS WHERE UPPER(ALL_INDEXES.TABLE_NAME)='%s' AND ALL_IND_COLUMNS.INDEX_NAME=ALL_INDEXES.INDEX_NAME",$table));

                
        if (!is_object($rs)) {
                        if (isset($savem)) 
                                $this->SetFetchMode($savem);
                        $ADODB_FETCH_MODE = $save;
            return $false;
        }

                $indexes = array ();
        // parse index data into array

        while ($row = $rs->FetchRow()) {
                        if ($primary && $row[0] != $primary_key) continue;
            if (!isset($indexes[$row[0]])) {
                                $indexes[$row[0]] = array(
                                   'unique' => ($row[1] == 'UNIQUE'),
                                   'columns' => array()
                                );
            }
            $indexes[$row[0]]['columns'][$row[2] - 1] = $row[3];
        }

        // sort columns by order in the index
        foreach ( array_keys ($indexes) as $index ) {
            ksort ($indexes[$index]['columns']);
        }

                if (isset($savem)) { 
            $this->SetFetchMode($savem);
                        $ADODB_FETCH_MODE = $save;
                }
        return $indexes;
        }
        
        function BeginTrans()
        {       
                if ($this->transOff) return true;
                $this->transCnt += 1;
                $this->autoCommit = false;
                $this->_commit = OCI_DEFAULT;
                
                if ($this->_transmode) $this->Execute("SET TRANSACTION ".$this->_transmode);
                return true;
        }
        
        function CommitTrans($ok=true) 
        { 
                if ($this->transOff) return true;
                if (!$ok) return $this->RollbackTrans();
                
                if ($this->transCnt) $this->transCnt -= 1;
                $ret = OCIcommit($this->_connectionID);
                $this->_commit = OCI_COMMIT_ON_SUCCESS;
                $this->autoCommit = true;
                return $ret;
        }
        
        function RollbackTrans()
        {
                if ($this->transOff) return true;
                if ($this->transCnt) $this->transCnt -= 1;
                $ret = OCIrollback($this->_connectionID);
                $this->_commit = OCI_COMMIT_ON_SUCCESS;
                $this->autoCommit = true;
                return $ret;
        }
        
        
        function SelectDB($dbName) 
        {
                return false;
        }

        function ErrorMsg() 
        {
                if ($this->_errorMsg !== false) return $this->_errorMsg;

                if (is_resource($this->_stmt)) $arr = @OCIError($this->_stmt);
                if (empty($arr)) {
                        if (is_resource($this->_connectionID)) $arr = @OCIError($this->_connectionID);
                        else $arr = @OCIError();
                        if ($arr === false) return '';
                }
                $this->_errorMsg = $arr['message'];
                $this->_errorCode = $arr['code'];
                return $this->_errorMsg;
        }

        function ErrorNo() 
        {
                if ($this->_errorCode !== false) return $this->_errorCode;
                
                if (is_resource($this->_stmt)) $arr = @OCIError($this->_stmt);
                if (empty($arr)) {
                        $arr = @OCIError($this->_connectionID);
                        if ($arr == false) $arr = @OCIError();
                        if ($arr == false) return '';
                }
                
                $this->_errorMsg = $arr['message'];
                $this->_errorCode = $arr['code'];
                
                return $arr['code'];
        }
        
        // Format date column in sql string given an input format that understands Y M D
        function SQLDate($fmt, $col=false)
        {       
                if (!$col) $col = $this->sysTimeStamp;
                $s = 'TO_CHAR('.$col.",'";
                
                $len = strlen($fmt);
                for ($i=0; $i < $len; $i++) {
                        $ch = $fmt[$i];
                        switch($ch) {
                        case 'Y':
                        case 'y':
                                $s .= 'YYYY';
                                break;
                        case 'Q':
                        case 'q':
                                $s .= 'Q';
                                break;
                                
                        case 'M':
                                $s .= 'Mon';
                                break;
                                
                        case 'm':
                                $s .= 'MM';
                                break;
                        case 'D':
                        case 'd':
                                $s .= 'DD';
                                break;
                        
                        case 'H':
                                $s.= 'HH24';
                                break;
                                
                        case 'h':
                                $s .= 'HH';
                                break;
                                
                        case 'i':
                                $s .= 'MI';
                                break;
                        
                        case 's':
                                $s .= 'SS';
                                break;
                        
                        case 'a':
                        case 'A':
                                $s .= 'AM';
                                break;
                                
                        case 'w':
                                $s .= 'D';
                                break;
                                
                        case 'l':
                                $s .= 'DAY';
                                break;
                                
                         case 'W':
                                $s .= 'WW';
                                break;
                                
                        default:
                        // handle escape characters...
                                if ($ch == '\\') {
                                        $i++;
                                        $ch = substr($fmt,$i,1);
                                }
                                if (strpos('-/.:;, ',$ch) !== false) $s .= $ch;
                                else $s .= '"'.$ch.'"';
                                
                        }
                }
                return $s. "')";
        }
        
        
        /*
        This algorithm makes use of
        
        a. FIRST_ROWS hint
        The FIRST_ROWS hint explicitly chooses the approach to optimize response time, 
        that is, minimum resource usage to return the first row. Results will be returned 
        as soon as they are identified. 

        b. Uses rownum tricks to obtain only the required rows from a given offset.
         As this uses complicated sql statements, we only use this if the $offset >= 100. 
         This idea by Tomas V V Cox.
         
         This implementation does not appear to work with oracle 8.0.5 or earlier. Comment
         out this function then, and the slower SelectLimit() in the base class will be used.
        */
        function &SelectLimit($sql,$nrows=-1,$offset=-1, $inputarr=false,$secs2cache=0)
        {
                // seems that oracle only supports 1 hint comment in 8i
                if ($this->firstrows) {
                        if (strpos($sql,'/*+') !== false)
                                $sql = str_replace('/*+ ','/*+FIRST_ROWS ',$sql);
                        else
                                $sql = preg_replace('/^[ \t\n]*select/i','SELECT /*+FIRST_ROWS*/',$sql);
                }
                
                if ($offset < $this->selectOffsetAlg1) {
                        if ($nrows > 0) {       
                                if ($offset > 0) $nrows += $offset;
                                //$inputarr['adodb_rownum'] = $nrows;
                                if ($this->databaseType == 'oci8po') {
                                        $sql = "select * from (".$sql.") where rownum <= ?";
                                } else {
                                        $sql = "select * from (".$sql.") where rownum <= :adodb_offset";
                                } 
                                $inputarr['adodb_offset'] = $nrows;
                                $nrows = -1;
                        }
                        // note that $nrows = 0 still has to work ==> no rows returned

                        $rs =& ADOConnection::SelectLimit($sql,$nrows,$offset,$inputarr,$secs2cache);
                        return $rs;
                        
                } else {
                         // Algorithm by Tomas V V Cox, from PEAR DB oci8.php
                        
                         // Let Oracle return the name of the columns
                        $q_fields = "SELECT * FROM (".$sql.") WHERE NULL = NULL";
                         
                        $false = false;
                        if (! $stmt_arr = $this->Prepare($q_fields)) {
                                return $false;
                        }
                        $stmt = $stmt_arr[1];
                         
                         if (is_array($inputarr)) {
                                foreach($inputarr as $k => $v) {
                                        if (is_array($v)) {
                                                if (sizeof($v) == 2) // suggested by g.giunta@libero.
                                                        OCIBindByName($stmt,":$k",$inputarr[$k][0],$v[1]);
                                                else
                                                        OCIBindByName($stmt,":$k",$inputarr[$k][0],$v[1],$v[2]);
                                        } else {
                                                $len = -1;
                                                if ($v === ' ') $len = 1;
                                                if (isset($bindarr)) {  // is prepared sql, so no need to ocibindbyname again
                                                        $bindarr[$k] = $v;
                                                } else {                                // dynamic sql, so rebind every time
                                                        OCIBindByName($stmt,":$k",$inputarr[$k],$len);
                                                }
                                        }
                                }
                        }
                        
                         if (!OCIExecute($stmt, OCI_DEFAULT)) {
                                 OCIFreeStatement($stmt); 
                                 return $false;
                         }
                         
                         $ncols = OCINumCols($stmt);
                         for ( $i = 1; $i <= $ncols; $i++ ) {
                                 $cols[] = '"'.OCIColumnName($stmt, $i).'"';
                         }
                         $result = false;
                        
                         OCIFreeStatement($stmt); 
                         $fields = implode(',', $cols);
                         $nrows += $offset;
                         $offset += 1; // in Oracle rownum starts at 1
                        
                        if ($this->databaseType == 'oci8po') {
                                         $sql = "SELECT $fields FROM".
                                          "(SELECT rownum as adodb_rownum, $fields FROM".
                                          " ($sql) WHERE rownum <= ?".
                                          ") WHERE adodb_rownum >= ?";
                                } else {
                                         $sql = "SELECT $fields FROM".
                                          "(SELECT rownum as adodb_rownum, $fields FROM".
                                          " ($sql) WHERE rownum <= :adodb_nrows".
                                          ") WHERE adodb_rownum >= :adodb_offset";
                                } 
                                $inputarr['adodb_nrows'] = $nrows;
                                $inputarr['adodb_offset'] = $offset;
                                
                        if ($secs2cache>0) $rs =& $this->CacheExecute($secs2cache, $sql,$inputarr);
                        else $rs =& $this->Execute($sql,$inputarr);
                        return $rs;
                }
        
        }
        
        function UpdateBlob($table,$column,$val,$where,$blobtype='BLOB')
        {
                
                //if (strlen($val) < 4000) return $this->Execute("UPDATE $table SET $column=:blob WHERE $where",array('blob'=>$val)) != false;
                
                switch(strtoupper($blobtype)) {
                default: ADOConnection::outp("<b>UpdateBlob</b>: Unknown blobtype=$blobtype"); return false;
                case 'BLOB': $type = OCI_B_BLOB; break;
                case 'CLOB': $type = OCI_B_CLOB; break;
                }
                
                if ($this->databaseType == 'oci8po') 
                        $sql = "UPDATE $table set $column=EMPTY_{$blobtype}() WHERE $where RETURNING $column INTO ?";
                else 
                        $sql = "UPDATE $table set $column=EMPTY_{$blobtype}() WHERE $where RETURNING $column INTO :blob";
                
                $desc = OCINewDescriptor($this->_connectionID, OCI_D_LOB);
                $arr['blob'] = array($desc,-1,$type);
                if ($this->session_sharing_force_blob) $this->Execute('ALTER SESSION SET CURSOR_SHARING=EXACT');
                $commit = $this->autoCommit;
                if ($commit) $this->BeginTrans();
                $rs = $this->_Execute($sql,$arr);
                if ($rez = !empty($rs)) $desc->save($val);
                $desc->free();
                if ($commit) $this->CommitTrans();
                if ($this->session_sharing_force_blob) $this->Execute('ALTER SESSION SET CURSOR_SHARING=FORCE');
                
                if ($rez) $rs->Close();
                return $rez;
        }
        
        function UpdateBlobFile($table,$column,$val,$where,$blobtype='BLOB')
        {
                switch(strtoupper($blobtype)) {
                default: ADOConnection::outp( "<b>UpdateBlob</b>: Unknown blobtype=$blobtype"); return false;
                case 'BLOB': $type = OCI_B_BLOB; break;
                case 'CLOB': $type = OCI_B_CLOB; break;
                }
                
                if ($this->databaseType == 'oci8po') 
                        $sql = "UPDATE $table set $column=EMPTY_{$blobtype}() WHERE $where RETURNING $column INTO ?";
                else 
                        $sql = "UPDATE $table set $column=EMPTY_{$blobtype}() WHERE $where RETURNING $column INTO :blob";
                
                $desc = OCINewDescriptor($this->_connectionID, OCI_D_LOB);
                $arr['blob'] = array($desc,-1,$type);
                
                $this->BeginTrans();
                $rs = ADODB_oci8::Execute($sql,$arr);
                if ($rez = !empty($rs)) $desc->savefile($val);
                $desc->free();
                $this->CommitTrans();
                
                if ($rez) $rs->Close();
                return $rez;
        }

        function &Execute($sql,$inputarr=false) 
        {
                if ($this->fnExecute) {
                        $fn = $this->fnExecute;
                        $ret =& $fn($this,$sql,$inputarr);
                        if (isset($ret)) return $ret;
                }
                if ($inputarr) {
                        #if (!is_array($inputarr)) $inputarr = array($inputarr);
                        
                        $element0 = reset($inputarr);
                        
                        # is_object check because oci8 descriptors can be passed in
                        if (is_array($element0) && !is_object(reset($element0))) {
                                if (is_string($sql))
                                        $stmt = $this->Prepare($sql);
                                else
                                        $stmt = $sql;
                                        
                                foreach($inputarr as $arr) {
                                        $ret =& $this->_Execute($stmt,$arr);
                                        if (!$ret) return $ret;
                                }
                        } else {
                                $ret =& $this->_Execute($sql,$inputarr);
                        }
                        
                } else {
                        $ret =& $this->_Execute($sql,false);
                }

                return $ret;
        }
        
        /*
                Example of usage:
                
                $stmt = $this->Prepare('insert into emp (empno, ename) values (:empno, :ename)');
        */
        function Prepare($sql,$cursor=false)
        {
        static $BINDNUM = 0;
        
                $stmt = OCIParse($this->_connectionID,$sql);

                if (!$stmt) {
                        $this->_errorMsg = false;
                        $this->_errorCode = false;
                        $arr = @OCIError($this->_connectionID);
                        if ($arr === false) return false;
                
                        $this->_errorMsg = $arr['message'];
                        $this->_errorCode = $arr['code'];
                        return false;
                }
                
                $BINDNUM += 1;
                
                $sttype = @OCIStatementType($stmt);
                if ($sttype == 'BEGIN' || $sttype == 'DECLARE') {
                        return array($sql,$stmt,0,$BINDNUM, ($cursor) ? OCINewCursor($this->_connectionID) : false);
                }
                return array($sql,$stmt,0,$BINDNUM);
        }
        
        /*
                Call an oracle stored procedure and returns a cursor variable as a recordset. 
                Concept by Robert Tuttle robert@ud.com
                
                Example:
                        Note: we return a cursor variable in :RS2
                        $rs = $db->ExecuteCursor("BEGIN adodb.open_tab(:RS2); END;",'RS2');
                        
                        $rs = $db->ExecuteCursor(
                                "BEGIN :RS2 = adodb.getdata(:VAR1); END;", 
                                'RS2',
                                array('VAR1' => 'Mr Bean'));
                        
        */
        function &ExecuteCursor($sql,$cursorName='rs',$params=false)
        {
                if (is_array($sql)) $stmt = $sql;
                else $stmt = ADODB_oci8::Prepare($sql,true); # true to allocate OCINewCursor
        
                if (is_array($stmt) && sizeof($stmt) >= 5) {
                        $hasref = true;
                        $ignoreCur = false;
                        $this->Parameter($stmt, $ignoreCur, $cursorName, false, -1, OCI_B_CURSOR);
                        if ($params) {
                                foreach($params as $k => $v) {
                                        $this->Parameter($stmt,$params[$k], $k);
                                }
                        }
                } else
                        $hasref = false;
                        
                $rs =& $this->Execute($stmt);
                if ($rs) {
                        if ($rs->databaseType == 'array') OCIFreeCursor($stmt[4]);
                        else if ($hasref) $rs->_refcursor = $stmt[4];
                }
                return $rs;
        }
        
        /*
                Bind a variable -- very, very fast for executing repeated statements in oracle. 
                Better than using
                        for ($i = 0; $i < $max; $i++) { 
                                $p1 = ?; $p2 = ?; $p3 = ?;
                                $this->Execute("insert into table (col0, col1, col2) values (:0, :1, :2)", 
                                        array($p1,$p2,$p3));
                        }
                
                Usage:
                        $stmt = $DB->Prepare("insert into table (col0, col1, col2) values (:0, :1, :2)");
                        $DB->Bind($stmt, $p1);
                        $DB->Bind($stmt, $p2);
                        $DB->Bind($stmt, $p3);
                        for ($i = 0; $i < $max; $i++) { 
                                $p1 = ?; $p2 = ?; $p3 = ?;
                                $DB->Execute($stmt);
                        }
                        
                Some timings:           
                        ** Test table has 3 cols, and 1 index. Test to insert 1000 records
                        Time 0.6081s (1644.60 inserts/sec) with direct OCIParse/OCIExecute
                        Time 0.6341s (1577.16 inserts/sec) with ADOdb Prepare/Bind/Execute
                        Time 1.5533s ( 643.77 inserts/sec) with pure SQL using Execute
                        
                Now if PHP only had batch/bulk updating like Java or PL/SQL...
        
                Note that the order of parameters differs from OCIBindByName,
                because we default the names to :0, :1, :2
        */
        function Bind(&$stmt,&$var,$size=4000,$type=false,$name=false,$isOutput=false)
        {
                
                if (!is_array($stmt)) return false;
        
        if (($type == OCI_B_CURSOR) && sizeof($stmt) >= 5) { 
            return OCIBindByName($stmt[1],":".$name,$stmt[4],$size,$type);
        }
        
                if ($name == false) {
                        if ($type !== false) $rez = OCIBindByName($stmt[1],":".$stmt[2],$var,$size,$type);
                        else $rez = OCIBindByName($stmt[1],":".$stmt[2],$var,$size); // +1 byte for null terminator
                        $stmt[2] += 1;
                } else if (oci_lob_desc($type)) {
                        if ($this->debug) {
                                ADOConnection::outp("<b>Bind</b>: name = $name");
                        }
            //we have to create a new Descriptor here
                        $numlob = count($this->_refLOBs);
                $this->_refLOBs[$numlob]['LOB'] = OCINewDescriptor($this->_connectionID, oci_lob_desc($type));
                        $this->_refLOBs[$numlob]['TYPE'] = $isOutput;
                        
                        $tmp = &$this->_refLOBs[$numlob]['LOB'];
                $rez = OCIBindByName($stmt[1], ":".$name, $tmp, -1, $type);
                        if ($this->debug) {
                                ADOConnection::outp("<b>Bind</b>: descriptor has been allocated, var (".$name.") binded");
                        }
                        
                        // if type is input then write data to lob now
                        if ($isOutput == false) {
                                $var = $this->BlobEncode($var);
                                $tmp->WriteTemporary($var);
                                $this->_refLOBs[$numlob]['VAR'] = &$var;
                                if ($this->debug) {
                                        ADOConnection::outp("<b>Bind</b>: LOB has been written to temp");
                                }
                        } else {
                                $this->_refLOBs[$numlob]['VAR'] = &$var;
                        }
                        $rez = $tmp;
                } else {
                        if ($this->debug) 
                                ADOConnection::outp("<b>Bind</b>: name = $name");
                        
                        if ($type !== false) $rez = OCIBindByName($stmt[1],":".$name,$var,$size,$type);
                        else $rez = OCIBindByName($stmt[1],":".$name,$var,$size); // +1 byte for null terminator
                }
                
                return $rez;
        }
        
        function Param($name,$type=false)
        {
                return ':'.$name;
        }
        
        /* 
        Usage:
                $stmt = $db->Prepare('select * from table where id =:myid and group=:group');
                $db->Parameter($stmt,$id,'myid');
                $db->Parameter($stmt,$group,'group');
                $db->Execute($stmt);
                
                @param $stmt Statement returned by Prepare() or PrepareSP().
                @param $var PHP variable to bind to
                @param $name Name of stored procedure variable name to bind to.
                @param [$isOutput] Indicates direction of parameter 0/false=IN  1=OUT  2= IN/OUT. This is ignored in oci8.
                @param [$maxLen] Holds an maximum length of the variable.
                @param [$type] The data type of $var. Legal values depend on driver.
                
                See OCIBindByName documentation at php.net.
        */
        function Parameter(&$stmt,&$var,$name,$isOutput=false,$maxLen=4000,$type=false)
        {
                        if  ($this->debug) {
                                $prefix = ($isOutput) ? 'Out' : 'In';
                                $ztype = (empty($type)) ? 'false' : $type;
                                ADOConnection::outp( "{$prefix}Parameter(\$stmt, \$php_var='$var', \$name='$name', \$maxLen=$maxLen, \$type=$ztype);");
                        }
                        return $this->Bind($stmt,$var,$maxLen,$type,$name,$isOutput);
        }
        
        /*
        returns query ID if successful, otherwise false
        this version supports:
        
           1. $db->execute('select * from table');
           
           2. $db->prepare('insert into table (a,b,c) values (:0,:1,:2)');
                  $db->execute($prepared_statement, array(1,2,3));
                  
           3. $db->execute('insert into table (a,b,c) values (:a,:b,:c)',array('a'=>1,'b'=>2,'c'=>3));
           
           4. $db->prepare('insert into table (a,b,c) values (:0,:1,:2)');
                  $db->bind($stmt,1); $db->bind($stmt,2); $db->bind($stmt,3); 
                  $db->execute($stmt);
        */ 
        function _query($sql,$inputarr)
        {
                if (is_array($sql)) { // is prepared sql
                        $stmt = $sql[1];
                        
                        // we try to bind to permanent array, so that OCIBindByName is persistent
                        // and carried out once only - note that max array element size is 4000 chars
                        if (is_array($inputarr)) {
                                $bindpos = $sql[3];
                                if (isset($this->_bind[$bindpos])) {
                                // all tied up already
                                        $bindarr = &$this->_bind[$bindpos];
                                } else {
                                // one statement to bind them all
                                        $bindarr = array();
                                        foreach($inputarr as $k => $v) {
                                                $bindarr[$k] = $v;
                                                OCIBindByName($stmt,":$k",$bindarr[$k],is_string($v) && strlen($v)>4000 ? -1 : 4000);
                                        }
                                        $this->_bind[$bindpos] = &$bindarr;
                                }
                        }
                } else {
                        $stmt=OCIParse($this->_connectionID,$sql);
                }
                        
                $this->_stmt = $stmt;
                if (!$stmt) return false;
        
                if (defined('ADODB_PREFETCH_ROWS')) @OCISetPrefetch($stmt,ADODB_PREFETCH_ROWS);
                        
                if (is_array($inputarr)) {
                        foreach($inputarr as $k => $v) {
                                if (is_array($v)) {
                                        if (sizeof($v) == 2) // suggested by g.giunta@libero.
                                                OCIBindByName($stmt,":$k",$inputarr[$k][0],$v[1]);
                                        else
                                                OCIBindByName($stmt,":$k",$inputarr[$k][0],$v[1],$v[2]);
                                        
                                        if ($this->debug==99) echo "name=:$k",' var='.$inputarr[$k][0],' len='.$v[1],' type='.$v[2],'<br>';
                                } else {
                                        $len = -1;
                                        if ($v === ' ') $len = 1;
                                        if (isset($bindarr)) {  // is prepared sql, so no need to ocibindbyname again
                                                $bindarr[$k] = $v;
                                        } else {                                // dynamic sql, so rebind every time
                                                OCIBindByName($stmt,":$k",$inputarr[$k],$len);
                                        }
                                }
                        }
                }
                
        $this->_errorMsg = false;
                $this->_errorCode = false;
                if (OCIExecute($stmt,$this->_commit)) {
//OCIInternalDebug(1);                  
                        if (count($this -> _refLOBs) > 0) {
                
                                foreach ($this -> _refLOBs as $key => $value) {
                                        if ($this -> _refLOBs[$key]['TYPE'] == true) {
                                                $tmp = $this -> _refLOBs[$key]['LOB'] -> load();
                                                if ($this -> debug) {
                                                        ADOConnection::outp("<b>OUT LOB</b>: LOB has been loaded. <br>");
                                                }
                                                //$_GLOBALS[$this -> _refLOBs[$key]['VAR']] = $tmp;
                                                $this -> _refLOBs[$key]['VAR'] = $tmp;
                                        } else {
                        $this->_refLOBs[$key]['LOB']->save($this->_refLOBs[$key]['VAR']);
                                                $this -> _refLOBs[$key]['LOB']->free();
                                                unset($this -> _refLOBs[$key]);
                        if ($this->debug) {
                                                        ADOConnection::outp("<b>IN LOB</b>: LOB has been saved. <br>");
                                                }
                    }                                   
                                }
                        }
                
            switch (@OCIStatementType($stmt)) {
                case "SELECT":
                                        return $stmt;
                                
                                case 'DECLARE':
                case "BEGIN":
                    if (is_array($sql) && !empty($sql[4])) {
                                                $cursor = $sql[4];
                                                if (is_resource($cursor)) {
                                                        $ok = OCIExecute($cursor);      
                                return $cursor;
                                                }
                                                return $stmt;
                    } else {
                                                if (is_resource($stmt)) {
                                                        OCIFreeStatement($stmt);
                                                        return true;
                                                }
                        return $stmt;
                    }
                    break;
                default :
                                        // ociclose -- no because it could be used in a LOB?
                    return true;
            }
                }
                return false;
        }
        
        // returns true or false
        function _close()
        {
                if (!$this->_connectionID) return;
                
                if (!$this->autoCommit) OCIRollback($this->_connectionID);
                if (count($this->_refLOBs) > 0) {
                        foreach ($this ->_refLOBs as $key => $value) {
                                $this->_refLOBs[$key]['LOB']->free();
                                unset($this->_refLOBs[$key]);
                        }
                }
                OCILogoff($this->_connectionID);
                
                $this->_stmt = false;
                $this->_connectionID = false;
        }
        
        function MetaPrimaryKeys($table, $owner=false,$internalKey=false)
        {
                if ($internalKey) return array('ROWID');
                
        // tested with oracle 8.1.7
                $table = strtoupper($table);
                if ($owner) {
                        $owner_clause = "AND ((a.OWNER = b.OWNER) AND (a.OWNER = UPPER('$owner')))";
                        $ptab = 'ALL_';
                } else {
                        $owner_clause = '';
                        $ptab = 'USER_';
                }
                $sql = "
SELECT /*+ RULE */ distinct b.column_name
   FROM {$ptab}CONSTRAINTS a
          , {$ptab}CONS_COLUMNS b
  WHERE ( UPPER(b.table_name) = ('$table'))
        AND (UPPER(a.table_name) = ('$table') and a.constraint_type = 'P')
        $owner_clause
        AND (a.constraint_name = b.constraint_name)";

                $rs = $this->Execute($sql);
                if ($rs && !$rs->EOF) {
                        $arr =& $rs->GetArray();
                        $a = array();
                        foreach($arr as $v) {
                                $a[] = reset($v);
                        }
                        return $a;
                }
                else return false;
        }
        
        // http://gis.mit.edu/classes/11.521/sqlnotes/referential_integrity.html
        function MetaForeignKeys($table, $owner=false)
        {
        global $ADODB_FETCH_MODE;
        
                $save = $ADODB_FETCH_MODE;
                $ADODB_FETCH_MODE = ADODB_FETCH_NUM;
                $table = $this->qstr(strtoupper($table));
                if (!$owner) {
                        $owner = $this->user;
                        $tabp = 'user_';
                } else
                        $tabp = 'all_';
                        
                $owner = ' and owner='.$this->qstr(strtoupper($owner));
                
                $sql = 
"select constraint_name,r_owner,r_constraint_name 
        from {$tabp}constraints
        where constraint_type = 'R' and table_name = $table $owner";
                
                $constraints =& $this->GetArray($sql);
                $arr = false;
                foreach($constraints as $constr) {
                        $cons = $this->qstr($constr[0]);
                        $rowner = $this->qstr($constr[1]);
                        $rcons = $this->qstr($constr[2]);
                        $cols = $this->GetArray("select column_name from {$tabp}cons_columns where constraint_name=$cons $owner order by position");
                        $tabcol = $this->GetArray("select table_name,column_name from {$tabp}cons_columns where owner=$rowner and constraint_name=$rcons order by position");
                        
                        if ($cols && $tabcol) 
                                for ($i=0, $max=sizeof($co